A horse race in which the horses gallop around a marked-out course which contains several solid brush fences. A steeplechase course refers to any course, which includes such fences.
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Sternum
(Breastbone) is the floor of the chest and is held in place by the eight true ribs. It is canoe-shaped and at the hind end is flat and heart shaped to which the diaphragm attaches.
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Stifle Joint
See Patella
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Stirrup-Bars
Are attached to the saddle tree. They are open-ended to allow the stirrup leathers, which are looped over them, to slip off and thus prevent a rider being dragged after a fall if his foot is caught in the stirrup iron. Most stirrup-bars are hinged to allow the point to be turned up to prevent the leathers slipping off when a saddled horse is being led without a rider. The points should never be up when the horse is being ridden. Bars, which are not open-ended or are in the form of a 'D', are not safe unless worn with safety stirrups.
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Stock
A specially designed cravat, worn as part of a formal riding outfit, usually hunting dress.
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Stockings
The same as white socks but describing any variation in height over and above the knee and hock.
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Straight Shoulder
Occurs when the line of the shoulder from the point of the withers is comparatively straight rather that sloping well back.
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Strangles
Is an acute infection disease of the lymph glands. Symptoms are fever, nasal discharge, and abscesses, which may develop in other glands about the head.
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Strapping
The thorough grooming of a stabled horse.
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Strike-Off
The first step of canter.
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Striking Into
Scraping or knocking one leg with another. See also Over-reach/Speedy Cutting.
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Stringhalt
An involuntary snatching up of the hindleg and flexing of the hock when walking. This condition may affect one or both hind legs. The cause is unknown.
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Striped Hooves
These are usually accompanied by white leg markings.
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Strongyles
(Large) (Strongylus Vulgaris - S. Edentatus - Triodontophorus) Their common name is Large Redworms.
(Small) (Trichonema spp.) Common name is Small Redworms.
As part of their life cycle, they migrate through the horse's intestine, caecum, liver, and arteries.
